Short answer: `BT30-ER16` is a BT30 machine-taper holder fitted with an ER16 collet chuck; it holds tools from 1 mm to 10 mm shank diameter. The BT30 end goes into the spindle (7:24 taper, JIS B 6339, pull stud M12), the ER16 end grips the tool.

Collet range is set by DIN 6499. A 12 mm end mill needs ER16 or larger; an ER16 will not close on a shank outside 1–10 mm.